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The CRT (cathode-ray tube) is the main component of a traditional monitor. The rear of the CRT holds a cylinder that contains one or more electron guns. Most color monitors have three guns in back—one for each of the colors red, green, and blue. This combination (usually referred to as RGB) allows the visual production of all colors. The wide end of the CRT is the display screen, which has a phosphor coating (a substance that can emit light when hit with radiation). When active, the guns beam a stream of charged electrons onto the phosphorus coating. When the coating is hit with the right amount of energy, light is produced in a pattern of very small dots. Similarly, monitors emit X-radiation. There is one dot for each primary color (RGB), and the dots are grouped in patterns close together. The name for a collection of all dots in a specific location is a pixel (which stands for picture element). .
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Resolution
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. The term resolution refers to the quality of the image displayed on the monitor screen and depends on the number of dots that are present. The method of measurement varies, based on the medium—photographic lenses, films, and paper are measured using lines per inch, whereas computer monitor manufacturers express resolution in pixels per inch. The more pixels means the clearer and sharper the image and higher the resolution. Monitor resolution is usually expressed as a × b where a is the number of horizontal pixels, and b is the number of vertical pixels. For example a resolution of 640 x 350 means that there are 640 pixels displayed horizontal and 350 displayed vertically on the screen.
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. Scanning rate
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. Is the amount of time it takes for an electron gun side the monitor to draw a beam from one side of the screen to the other. The time is measured in kilohertz (KHz) or thousands of cycles per second. The faster the scanning rate the more pixels that can be displayed on the screen which results in a higher resolution.
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. Color Palette
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. Is the full number of colors available. It should be mentioned however that all the colors couldn’t be displayed simultaneously. To display many colors with high resolution takes lots of memory. Since memory is still in short supply there is a choice to made either: you have large number of colors with limited resolution or a few colors with higher resolution.
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